What must be true for a hash object to iterate over its elements correctly?

For a hash object to iterate over its elements correctly, it is essential that the hash object has at least one key component. The key component is vital because it is used to uniquely identify each entry in the hash table, allowing the iterator to traverse through the items. Without a key, the hash object does not have a structured way to retrieve or organize the data, which is fundamental for correct iteration.

The relationship between the key components and the values stored in the hash table is what enables proper functioning of methods associated with hash objects, including iteration. Having at least one key ensures that the iterating structure has a defined entry point to access and traverse the contents of the hash object.

In contrast to the other options, a hash table does not necessarily need to be sorted to function correctly, nor does the iterator need to be declared after the hash object for iteration to work. Moreover, the components of a hash object can be numeric, character, or mixed, which highlights that the numerical status of components is not a requirement for successful iteration. Thus, the presence of at least one key component is the essential criterion for enabling proper iteration over a hash object.