What is a SAS array?

A SAS array is specifically defined as a temporary grouping of SAS variables, which are often referred to as columns in the context of datasets. This grouping allows for improved data manipulation and analysis within SAS programming.

When working with arrays, you can efficiently operate on multiple variables simultaneously using a single reference. This functionality is particularly helpful in scenarios where you need to apply the same calculation or transformation to a set of variables, such as summing several scores or applying a function across multiple measurements.

The other options do not accurately describe a SAS array. For instance, a SAS table is a structured collection of data, not a temporary grouping of variables. Likewise, permanent attributes associated with a SAS table, such as labels or formats, are distinct from the concept of arrays, which are transient and utilized primarily for data processing tasks. A SAS column refers to an individual variable within SAS datasets and does not encompass the array functionality.