How does a DATA step differ from a PROC step?

A DATA step is primarily used to create and manipulate datasets by reading, modifying, and writing data. It allows programmers to perform operations such as data input, transformations, and creation of new variables, all of which result in the generation of a dataset. The DATA step works by executing statements sequentially, enabling you to control data flow and logic within the dataset.

On the other hand, a PROC (procedure) step is designed for performing specific analyses or reporting on datasets. Procedures like PROC MEANS, PROC PRINT, or PROC REPORT take existing datasets and perform computations, summarizations, or generate reports based on the data. The PROC step does not create datasets; instead, it works on datasets that have already been created, often producing output in the form of tables or graphs.

This distinction in purpose underscores why the statement that the DATA step creates datasets while the PROC step performs analysis is correct. It highlights the complementary nature of both types of steps in SAS programming: one focuses on data creation and manipulation, while the other emphasizes data analysis and reporting.